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Bhutan's
Culture: Languages |
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Bhutan's
Culture: Languages |
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Kingdom
of Bhutan, Druk-Yul
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National
or official language: Dzongkha. 2,004,000 (1998 UN).
Literacy
rate 15% to 18%
Also
includes Assamese 30,000, Western Gurung, Limbu, Eastern Magar, Santali,
Sherpa, Eastern Tamang, Assamese 30,000, Gurung, Limbu, Santali, Sherpa
Religion:
Lamaistic Buddhist, Hindu
Deaf
population 105,435
The
number of languages listed for Bhutan is 24. Of those, all are living
languages.
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South
central, between Damphu and Shemgang, Ada village, Wangduephodrang District
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan,
Southern
Dur
in central Bumthang District
Alternate
names: BROKSKAD
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan,
Southern
5,000
including 2,000 in and around Mera, 3,000 in and around Sagteng Sakteng
Valley east of Trashigang District
Alternate
names: MIRA SAGTENGPA, DAKPA, BROKPA, DAP, MERA SAGTENGPA, SAGTENGPA, MERAGSAGSTENGKHA.
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan,
Southern
30,000
Central.
Bumthang and in the whole of central Bhutan. Mangdikha is in Mangdi District
around Tongsa. Tsamangkha is on the east northeast border of Kurto. Salabekha
is in the Yangtse District and Tawang and southeast Tibet
Alternate
names: BUMTANP, BUMTHAPKHA, BUMTANG, KEBUMTAMP, BHUMTAM, BUMTHANG,
BUMTANGKHA
Dialects:
URA, TANG, CHOGOR, CHUNMAT
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan,
Eastern
1,000
In
and around Chali area, Shongar District, east Bhutan, north of Monggar
Alternate
names: CHALI, TSHALI, CHALIPKHA, TSHALINGPA
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan,
Eastern
20,000
East
of Dzongkha, in lower areas of Monggar District, Tsamang and Tsakaling
villages, and Lhuntsi District, Kurmet village
Alternate
names: MAPHEKHA, RTSAMANGPA'IKHA, TSAGKAGLINGPA'IKHA, KURSMADKHA
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan,
Southern
1,000
Near
Brokpake
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan,
Eastern
15,000
Northeastern
in Lhuntsi, Kurto District
Alternate
names: DZALAMAT, YANGTSEBIKHA
Dialects:
KHOMAKHA
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri
160,000
Population
total both countries 160,000 or more. Alternate names: DRUKKE, DRUKHA,
DUKPA, BHUTANESE, JONKHA, BHOTIA OF BHUTAN, BHOTIA OF DUKPA, ZONGKHAR,
RDZONGKHA
Dialects:
WANG-THE (THIMPHU-PUNAKHA), HA, NORTHERN THIMPHU
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan,
Southern
2,000
Alternate
names: GONGDUBIKHA
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan
40,000
Central,
Kheng, near Bumthangkha
Alternate
names: KHENKHA, KHEN, KENG, KEN
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan,
Eastern
10,000
Northeastern,
especially in Kurto. The dialect around Tangmachu is more divergent
Alternate
names: GURT*ú, KURTOPAKHA, KURTEOPKHA, KURTHOPKHA, KURTOBIKHA
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan,
Eastern
8,000
Alternate
names: TSHANGKHA
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan,
Southern
Northern
Punakha District, around Laya
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan,
Southern
2,000
in Bhutan
Lower
valleys in the west and south
Alternate
names: LAPCHE, RONG, RONGKE, RONGPA
Dialects:
ILAMMU, TAMSANGMU, RENGJONGMU
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Lepcha
2,500
Between
Samtsi and Phuntsoling
Alternate
names: LHOBIKHA
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan
700
(1998)
North,
northeastern quadrant of Punakha Dzongkhak District, community of Lunana,
on the Pho Chhu River north from Punakha, on the right fork about half
way up the valley
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan,
Southern
156,000
in Bhutan
In
the foothills the entire length of Bhutan, especially south central
Alternate
names: NEPALESE, GORKHALI, GURKHALI, KHASKURA, PARBATIYA, EASTERN PAHARI
Classification:
Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Northern zone, Eastern Pahari
Around
Trongsa town
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan,
Eastern
10,000
Sephu
Geo. The Black River passes below their villages
Alternate
names: HENKHA, LAP, MANGSDEKHA
Dialects:
PHOBJIKHA, CHUTOBIKHA
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan,
Eastern
1,000
The
2 dialects have the Black Mountains between them, central Bhutan
Alternate
names: MONPA
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan,
Eastern
4,000
in Bhutan
Alternate
names: BHOKHA
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan,
Central
Alternate
names: TSUKU, TSUKU, TZUKU
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan,
Central
138,000
in Bhutan
Population
total all countries 145,000. Alternate names: SANGLA, SHARCHAGPAKHA,
SARCHAPKKHA, SHACHOPKHA, SHACHOBIIKHA, TSANGLA, MENBA, MONPA
Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Bodish,
Tshangla
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